Range of Motion (ROM) refers to the full movement potential of a joint, typically measured in degrees of a circle. ROM is an essential measurement in biomechanics and physical therapy, as it helps assess flexibility, identify movement limitations, and track rehabilitation progress.
ROM can be measured in different ways:
- Active ROM: Movement achieved by the person using their own muscle effort
- Passive ROM: Movement achieved when an external force moves the joint
- Functional ROM: The range actually used during daily activities
Limited ROM can result from injury, inflammation, muscle tightness, or joint conditions. Video analysis tools like KineVision allow practitioners to accurately measure joint angles and track ROM improvements over time. The measurement is typically performed using goniometry or digital angle measurement tools.
ROM assessment is crucial in various planes of motion, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation movements. Regular ROM exercises can help maintain joint flexibility and prevent stiffness.